Lysosome - This acidified organelle contains digestive enzymes and is important in breaking down contents which the cell may have endocytosed (e.g. It is responsible for the post-translational folding and modification of proteins synthesized by the cell. Golgi Apparatus - This is formed from stacks of flattened membrane. The rough ER is studded with ribosomes (the organelles responsible for translation) and is the site of protein synthesis for proteins which would be too dangerous to release directly into the cytoplasm. The smooth ER is responsible for lipid biosynthesis.
It can be further subdivided both morphologically and functionally into the smooth ER and the rough ER.
Within the nuclus, there is a smaller, dense spherical structure called the nucleolus which is the site of ribosome synthesis.Įndoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - The ER is a continuation of the nucleus and is formed of flattened membrane bound sacs. Nucleus - This is the largest organelle within the cell and contains all the cell's genetic information (with the exception of the mitochondrial genome). Structurally, it has a double membrane, known as the nuclear envelope, which tightly regulates the passage of substances in and out of the nucleus.
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